The Theologian in the Attic: Jonathan Edwards and American Culture
by Donald C. Bellomy:
Introduction
The presentation explores the legacy of Jonathan Edwards, a major figure in American religious thought, and his relevance to American culture.
It references the idea from The Madwoman in the Attic, suggesting that Edwards, like other forgotten figures, has been rediscovered at critical moments.
American Culture and Jonathan Edwards
Two approaches to American cultural studies:
1920s: American exceptionalism.
1940s-50s and beyond: America as a global cultural influencer.
The presentation follows the latter approach.
Jonathan Edwards' Influence Over Time
18th Century:
A precocious child who became a revival preacher, failed pastor, and theological giant.
By 1800, dismissed by some as irrelevant (Ezra Stiles).
19th Century: Retrofitting Edwards
Interest in his work due to theological debates and the rise of free will discussions.
The Second Great Awakening shifted religious focus toward family-oriented love rather than Edwards’s intense divine love.
Literary critiques (e.g., Harriet Beecher Stowe, Mark Twain) depicted his theology as harsh and frightening.
20th Century: American Studies and Theological Reassessment
Vernon Parrington (1927): Criticized Edwards as an outdated, un-American figure.
Perry Miller (1930s-60s): Reframed Edwards as a bridge to modern thought, leading to renewed scholarly interest.
Modern Theological Engagement
Princeton scholars and evangelicals reassessing Edwards’ theological insights.
Questions of whether Edwards was "right" rather than just historically significant.
Open Questions
The role of an interventionist God in Edwards’ theology.
His experiences with the Holy Spirit.
His absence in non-evangelical historical studies of the Great Awakening.
Conclusion
Calls for a "real" engagement with Edwards' scholarship.
Suggests Edwards’ theology connects with Transcendentalists and William James.
Ends with a reflection on the necessity of verbalizing spiritual experiences.